Immigrant Employment Income
Definition:
Median employment income, by immigrant admission category, three years after admission year.
Employment income is the sum of wages, salaries, commissions and self-employment income of immigrant taxfilers. Median employment income refers to the income value at the mid point in a range where half the values are below, and half are above.
Admission year is the year in which the immigrant first obtained their landed immigrant/permanent resident status. This may or may not be the same as the year of arrival.
Methods and Limitations:
The data source for this indicator is the Longitudinal Immigration Database, an administrative database that combines data from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada with tax files. The database includes immigrant taxfilers who were 15 years of age or older at year of taxation and excludes immigrant taxfilers residing outside of Canada. The reference periods indicate the years in which immigrants filed taxes.
The median immigrant employment income is calculated at the third full year following admission. Therefore, the median employment income of an immigrant admitted in 2018 would be presented for the year 2021. Income values are adjusted to 2021 constant dollars. Values zero and one are not included in medians.
As of 2020, T1 Family File income estimates include benefits from temporary government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus. This financial support is accounted for in individual and household incomes. For more detailed information, consult the Technical Reference Guide for the Annual Income Estimates for Census Families, Individuals and Seniors.
Median employment income, by immigrant admission category, accounts for all immigrants regardless of sex, knowledge of official languages at the time of admission and their pre-admission experience.
Immigrant admission category refers to the category under which immigrants are admitted to Canada by immigration authorities.
Immigrant Sponsored by Family: This category includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms “family class” or “family reunification” are sometime used to refer to this category.
Economic Immigrant: This category includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada’s economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.
Refugee: This category includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.
Source(s):
Statistics Canada. Table 43-10-0030-01 Immigrant taxfilers by economic outcomes and tax year, census metropolitan areas, 2021 constant dollars
Data is updated on Vital Victoria as it becomes available from the data providers.
Immigrant Employment Income in the Sustainable Development Goals
Click on the SDG to reveal more information
1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere
Extreme poverty rates have been cut by more than half since 1990. While this is a remarkable achievement, one in five people in developing regions still live on less than $1.90 a day, and there are millions more who make little more than this daily amount, plus many people risk slipping back into poverty.
Poverty is more than the lack of income and resources to ensure a sustainable livelihood. Its manifestations include hunger and malnutrition, limited access to education and other basic services, social discrimination and exclusion as well as the lack of participation in decision-making. Economic growth must be inclusive to provide sustainable jobs and promote equality.
8. Promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth, employment and decent work for all
Roughly half the world’s population still lives on the equivalent of about US$2 a day. And in too many places, having a job doesn’t guarantee the ability to escape from poverty. This slow and uneven progress requires us to rethink and retool our economic and social policies aimed at eradicating poverty.
A continued lack of decent work opportunities, insufficient investments and under-consumption lead to an erosion of the basic social contract underlying democratic societies: that all must share in progress. The creation of quality jobs will remain a major challenge for almost all economies well beyond 2015.
Sustainable economic growth will require societies to create the conditions that allow people to have quality jobs that stimulate the economy while not harming the environment. Job opportunities and decent working conditions are also required for the whole working age population.